The Self: Philosophical and Psychological Perspectives



Philosophy: PHI 4930-002 & PHI 6934-003                                                                                             
Fall 2004


Professor Charles Guignon
Email: guignon@chuma1.cas.usf.edu
Office: FAO 213,  Phone: 974-9839

Office Hours: Mon & Wed., 2:00-3:00 & by appointment                                                        

Home Phone (emergencies; call before 8:00 pm): 994-2719                     

 

Course Objectives:

We will be exploring some of the conceptions of the self and the good life that have appeared in key psychological and philosophical texts over the past 100 years or so.  Using On Being Authentic as a key, we will start out by asking, “What is the self I am supposed to be true to when I strive to be true to my own self?”  Our explorations will lead us through scientific naturalism (Freud), Romanticism (Jung, Miller), Marxian humanism (Fromm), social constructionism and postmodernism (Geertz, Foucault), and narrativist views (Bruner, Schafer).  In the course of this exploration, we will address such questions as: What is the best possible life for humans under modern circumstances?  Are humans by nature good?  How should we understand the human capacity for evil?  What causes the need for therapy, and what should the aims of therapy be?  Do we have free will?  What is a free will worth having?  What is the relation of the individual to society?  What is the place of faith in the modern world?  What is the role of psychology as a discipline?  What is happiness and how important is it?  What might a “positive psychology” be like?  What are the limits of “scientism” in the study of human phenomena?

 

Texts:       Freud, The Ego and the Id  Norton             EI                                $8.76

Freud,  Civilization and Its Discontents Norton   CD                         $8.76

Miller, Alice The Drama of the Gifted Child  Basic                            $11.16

Fromm, Erich           Escape from Freedom              EF                   $11.20

Foucault, Michel  The History of Sexuality, Vol. 1  Vintage  HS        $ 8.80

Bruner, J. Acts of Meaning  Harvard                                                $11.55

Guignon, C.  On Being Authentic  Routledge   OBA                         $14.95

 

The following articles are available on e-Reserve:  

Philip Cushman, “Why the Self is Empty,” American Psychologist, 45 1990.

Ira Progroff, “C. G. Jung at the Outposts of Psychology,” from The Death and Rebirth of Psychology (McGraw Hill, 1956).

Frank C. Richardson, “Freedom and Commitment in Modern Psychotherapy,” in Re-envisioning Psychology (Jossey-Bass, 1999).

Clifford Geertz, “The Impact of the Concept of Culture on the Concept of Man,” from The Interpretation of Cultures (Basic Books, 1973).

Roy Schafer, “Narration in the Psychoanalytic Dialogue,” from Critical Inquiry, 7, 1980.

C. Guignon, “Narrative Explanation in Psychotherapy,” from American Behavioral Scientist, 41, 1998.

Martin Seligman and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, “Positive Psychology: An Introduction,” American Psychologist, “Special Issue on Happiness, Excellence, and Optimal Human Functioning,” 55, 2000.

C. Guignon, “Hermeneutics, Authenticity, and the Aims of Positive Psychology,” Jour. of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 22 (2002): 83-103.

 

Tentative Reading Plan:

8/24                 Introduction

8/26                 Cushman, “Why the Self is Empty;” OBA, Preface and chapters 1 – 3

8/31-9/9           Freud, EI (all)

9/14-16            Freud, CD (all)

9/21-23            OBA, chapters 4 - 5; Progoff, “C. G. Jung at the Outposts of Psychology

9/28-30            Miller, pp. 1-52

10/5-12            Fromm, EF, chapters 1, 2 and 4, and section 3 of chapter 5 (chapter 3 is recommended);

  Richardson, “Freedom and Commitment in Modern Psychotherapy”

10/14-19          OBA, chapter 6; Geertz, “The Impact of the Concept of Culture on the Concept of Man”

10/21-28          Foucault, HS, pp. 1 – 102

11/2-4              Foucault, HS, pp. 103 – 114, 127 – 131, 135 – 159

11/9-16            OBA, chapter 7; Bruner, all

11/18               Schafer, “Narration in the Psychoanalytic Dialogue”

11/23               Guignon, “Narrative Explanation in Psychotherapy”

11/30               Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi, “Positive Psychology: An Introduction”

12/2                 Guignon, “Hermeneutics, Authenticity, and the Aims of Positive Psychology”

 

Requirements:

  • Read the assigned texts before class.  Be prepared to ask questions and discuss the readings.  Bring the text currently being discussed to class with you.
  • Regular attendance and participation are extremely important.  Most the ideas in the course will be presented in class.  More than 3 absences will make it very hard for you to do well in this course.  Extra credit for succinct, clear, interesting and helpful questions and other class contributions.
  • During the semester you will be asked to write three or four reflections on assigned topics dealing with the class discussions and readings.  More information on these reflections will be available in the first assignment.  Grading will be based on (1) mastery of the materials presented in class, (2) mastery of the readings, (3) depth, insight and originality, and (4) effective writing (good organization, clarity, good grammar, precision, focus, proper attribution of sources, conciseness, etc.) – roughly in that order.
  • Occasional “extra-credit” assignments to help you connect the ideas in the course to your own life.
  • A comprehensive, essay-style final exam, to be taken at the scheduled time of the final.

 

Grading:

 

Reflections                    50%

Final Exam                   30%

Class Participation        20%

 

Students who will miss class due to religious observance must inform me in advance and make arrangements to make up missed work.  Students who are absent more than three days during the semester should present evidence of a medical excuse.  Papers turned in after the due date will be marked down one increment of a grade (a “+” or a “-”) for each class day late.  Papers more than three class days late will not be accepted.

 

Note on plagiarism:  If you use any sources in your writing assignments, you must document them by citing them in your work.  My preferred way to cite a source is to put the last name of the author and the page number in parentheses immediately after the material used in your text, and to list the source in the “References” at the end of the paper.  Any source you use should be identified under “References” at the end of the paper, whether you quote from that source or not.  Any direct quote of more than a couple of words must be quoted accurately, put in quotation marks, and cited.  Quoted material should never be more than a few lines; if you are using more material than that, summarize it in your own words and then cite it.  The vast majority of your paper should be a product of your own thinking and your own personal way of formulating things.  If you use material from elsewhere and do not cite it, even if you have changed a few words here and there, you are guilty of plagiarism and subject to extremely harsh penalties (an “F” or an “FF” for the course).  We are trained to identify material that has been taken from the Internet or elsewhere, and we will not hesitate to take action if we find anyone guilty of this despicable crime.