Sample Set No. 3: Carbonates Galore!

Mineral

Composition

Crystal System

Occurrence

Witherite

BaCO3

Orthorhombic

Ore Gangue mineral, with sulfides

Calcite (Several varieties provided)

CaCO3

Hexagonal/

Rhombohedral

Ubiquitous: Generally in Sedimentary or Metamorphic rocks

Dolomite

CaMg(CO3)2

Hexagonal/

Rhombohedral

Typically in sedimentary or metamorphic rocks: usually forms via diagenesis of Calcite

Rhodochrosite

MnCO3

Hexagonal/

Rhombohedral

With other Mn-bearing minerals: Rare!

Siderite

FeCO3

Hexagonal/

Rhombohedral

Ore gangue mineral; can occur in metamorphic rocks

Magnesite

MgCO3

Hexagonal/

Rhombohedral

Metamorphism of Mafic/ultramafic igneous rocks

Strontianite

SrCO3

Orthorhombic

Ore Gangue mineral

Aragonite

CaCO3

Orthorhombic

Evaporites; formed by corals and other carbonate-secreting creatures

Malachite

Cu2CO3(OH)2

Monoclinic

Secondary Cu ore - typically found with azurite

Azurite

Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2

Monoclinic

Secondary Cu ore - Typically found with malachite